Medical nanorobots may be used in the treatment of arteriosclerosis ā a term applied to a number of pathological conditions in which there are thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the walls of arteries. This results in altered function of tissues and organs. Changes may occur in the intima, media, or both. In the Western world, this condition is the leading cause of death and serious morbidity. The terms arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis are often used interchangeably.